Escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for an object to break free from the gravitational pull of a planet or other massive body without further propulsion.
A three-dimensional circle is known as a sphere. In order to calculate either the surface area or the volume of a sphere, you need to know the radius (r). The radius is the distance from the center of the sphere to the edge and it is always the same, no matter which points on the sphere's edge you measure from.
Once you have the radius, the formulas are rather simple to remember. Just as with ​the circumference of the circle, you will need to use pi (π). Generally, you can round this infinite number to 3.14 or 3.14159 (the accepted fraction is 22/7).